Faculty Directory

Education

• B.E. Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing
• M.S. Biomedical Eng., Vanderbilt University
• Ph.D. Biomedical Eng., Vanderbilt University
• Research Associate, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago

Research interests include conducting diagnosis, passive and active movement training, and outcome evaluations of sensorimotor impairments in stroke survivors and children with cerebral palsy using custom rehabilitation protocols and intelligent rehabilitation devices, investigation of reflex and nonreflex factors contributing to movement impairments and spasticity at the multi-joint, single-joint, and muscle fascicle and tendon levels, investigation of musculoskeletal injury mechanisms, compensatory mechanisms post injury, and rehabilitation and prevention of injuries. Furthermore, strong effort is made to translate research from lab to new rehabilitation protocols to improve treatment of injuries/impairments in clinical practice. He has published more than 130 peer-reviewed journal articles.

http://pt.umaryland.edu/Research/Neuromechanics-Laboratory/ 

Project Description 1: Multi-Joint/DOFs Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurologically Impaired Arms

This project provides a robot-aided diagnosis and passive-active arm motor and sensory rehabilitation post stroke. The objectives are threefold: (1) quantify the progression of neuromechanical properties throughout the upper extremity during recovery from stroke, (2) address allocation of therapy resources between the arm and hand, and (3) examine the benefits of combining passive stretching with active movement training.  It captures the timeline for the advent of specific complications such as spasticity in the different joints and the extent to which they change over time and provides a guide for treatment. It investigates and assesses rehabilitation paradigms for targeting the multiple joints in the arm and/or the multiple fingers of the hand. Passive stretching and its interactions with active movement therapy are investigated. The multi-joint IntelliArm rehabilitation robot is capable of controlling and measuring the shoulder, elbow and wrist simultaneously in order to carry out multi-joint sensorimotor characterizations, forceful stretching, and robot-guided active movement training. The hand rehabilitation robot actuates each digit, allowing for stretching and movement assistance customized for each subject. Subacute stroke survivors participate in a blinded, controlled longitudinal intervention trial. Outcome evaluations in stroke survivors capture changes both in clinical measures of upper extremity performance and in neuromechanical properties. The study seeks to provide important data for deciding how best to devote limited resources to therapy. 

Project 2: Rehabilitation of Lower Limb Injuries or neurological disorders through Novel Offaxis Stepping Training

Although primary knee motions occur in knee flexion/extension, traumatic knee injuries and knee osteoarthritis (OA) are mostly caused by excessive off-axis loadings (frontal plane knee abduction/adduction and/or axial plane tibial rotation loadings). Similarly, the development and progression of knee injuries/OA are associated with excessive off-axis loadings. There has been a lack of rehabilitation protocols and devices to diagnose specific off-axis loadings associated with knee injuries/OA, followed by rehabilitation training of off-axis neuromuscular control and reducing excessive off-axis joint loads in clinical practice. We develop multi-axis stepping training and evaluation system and conduct offaxis neuromuscular rehabilitation training, which assesses multi-axis sensorimotor impairments, provides subject-specific real-time feedback on controlling excessive off-axis knee joint loads, and guides patients to improve off-axis sensory-motor performance during functional stepping movements. 

Macroscale Biomechanics

• Xu, D., Kang, S. H., Lee, S. J., Oppizzi, G., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2023. Multi-Joint Assessment of Proprioception Impairments Post Stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.08.029
• Koh, K., Oppizzi, G., Kehs, G., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2023. Abnormal coordination of upper extremity during target reaching in persons post stroke. Scientific Reports. 13, 12838. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39684-4
• Zhang, T., Wahl, A., Schneider, M., Xu, D., Hahn, A., Meredith, S. J., Packer, J. D., Leong, N. L., Zhang, L.-Q., R. Frank Henn III, and Jauregui, J. J., 2023. Biomechanical Comparison of Four- vs Six-Strand Transosseous Suture Repair for Patellar Tendon Rupture. Journal of Knee Surgery. 2023 Apr 6. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1766094
• Lee, Y., Gaebler-Spira, D., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2023. Robotic Ankle Training Improves Sensorimotor Functions of theAnkle in Children with Cerebral Palsy – A Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine - Clinical Rehabilitation. 12, 1-10. doi: 10.3390/jcm12041475
• Huang, M. Z., Rogers, M. W., Pizac, D., Gruber-Baldini, A. L., Orwig, D., Hochberg, M. C., Beamer, B. A., Creath, R. A., Savin, D. N., Conroy, V. M., Mangione, K. K., Craik, R., Zhang, L.-Q., and Magaziner, J., 2023. Effect of Multicomponent Home-Based Training on Gait and Muscle Strength in Older Adults After Hip Fracture Surgery: A Single Site Randomized Trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 104, 169-178.
• Korivand, S., Zhu, X., Jalili, N., Koh, K., Zhang, L.-Q., and Gong, J., 2023. Toward personalized rehabilitation employing classification, localization, and visualization of brain–arm movement relationships. Smart Health. 28, 100397. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhl.2023.100397
• Oppizzi, G., Xu, D., Patel, T., Diaz, J. J., and Zhang, L. Q., 2023. Open reduction internal fixation of rib fractures: a biomechanical comparison between the RibLoc U Plus(®) system and anterior plate in rib implants. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 49, 383-391.
• Zhang, C., M. Z. Huang, G. J. Kehs, R. G. Braun, J. W. Cole and L.-Q. Zhang (2021). "Intensive In-bed Sensorimotor Rehabilitation of Acute Stroke Survivors with Severe Hemiplegia Using a Wearable Ankle Robot." IEEE Trans Neur Syst Rehab Eng 29: 2252-2259.
• Zhai, X., Q. Wu, X. Li, Q. Xu, Y. Zhang, S. Fan, L.-Q. Zhang and Y. Pan (2021). "Effects of Robot-Aided Rehabilitation on the Ankle Joint Properties and Balance Function in Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Frontiers in Neurology 12(1781): 1-13.
• Huang, M. Z., Y.-S. Yoon, J. Yang, C.-Y. Yang and L.-Q. Zhang (2021). "In-Bed Sensorimotor Rehabilitation in Early and Late Subacute Stroke Using a Wearable Elbow Robot: A Pilot Study." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15(228): 1-11.
• Shannon, S. F., Oppizzi, G., Schloss, M. G., Atchison, J., Nascone, J., Sciadini, M., Zhang, L.-Q., O’Toole, R. V., and Jaeblon, T., 2021. Do Fully Threaded Transiliac-Transsacral Screws Improve Mechanical Stability of Vertically Unstable Pelvic Fractures? A Cadaveric Biomechanical Analysis. J Orthop Trauma. 35, e18-e24. 
• Tsai, L.-C., Wu, Y.-N., Liu, S. Q., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2020. Changes in Muscle Stress and Sarcomere Adaptation in Mice Following Ischemic Stroke. Frontiers in Physiology. 11. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.581846
• Lee, S. J., Y. Ren, A. H.-I. Chang, J. M. Press, M. C. Hochberg and L.-Q. Zhang (2020). "Plane Dependent Subject-Specific Neuromuscular Training for Knee Rehabilitation." IEEE Trans Neur Syst Rehab Eng 28(8): 1876-1883.
• Xu, D., Y.-N. Wu, D. Gaebler-Spira, F. Gao, N. J. Clegg, M. R. Delgado and L.-Q. Zhang (2020). "Neural and non-neural contributions to ankle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 62(9): 1040-1046. doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14506
• Hahn, A., N. N. O'Hara, K. Koh, L. Q. Zhang, R. V. O'Toole and W. Andrew Eglseder (2020). "Is intramedullary screw fixation biomechanically superior to locking plate fixation and/or tension band wiring in transverse olecranon fractures? A cadaveric biomechanical comparison study." Injury 51(4): 850-855.
• Kim, D., Koh, K., Cho, G.-R., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2020. A Robust Impedance Controller Design for Series Elastic Actuators using the Singular Perturbation Theory. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics. 25, 164-174.
• Lee, S. J., D. Jin, S. H. Kang, D. Gaebler-Spira and L.-Q. Zhang (2019). "Combined Ankle/Knee Stretching and Pivoting Stepping Training for Children with Cerebral Palsy." IEEE Trans Neural Syst rehab Eng 27(9): 1743-1752, DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2019.2934139.
• Liu, J., Y. Ren, D. Xu, S. H. Kang and L.-Q. Zhang (2019). "EMG-Based Real-Time Linear-Nonlinear Cascade Regression Decoding of Shoulder, Elbow and Wrist Movements in Able-Bodied Persons and Stroke Survivors." IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 66: 1-10, DOI: 10.1109/TBME.2019.2935182.
• Kang, S. H., S. J. Lee, J. M. Press and L.-Q. Zhang (2019). "Real-Time Three-Dimensional Knee Moment Estimation in Knee Osteoarthritis: Toward Biodynamic Knee Osteoarthritis Evaluation and Training." IEEE Trans Neural Syst rehab Eng 27(6): 1263-1272.
• Lee, S. J. and L.-Q. Zhang (2019). "Learning Patterns of Pivoting Neuromuscular Control Training under Slippery Conditions: A Learning Model for Therapy Scheduling." IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 66: 383-390.
• Chen, K., B. Xiong, Y. Ren, A. Y. Dvorkin, D. Gaebler-Spira, C. E. Sisung and L.-Q. Zhang (2018). "Ankle Passive and Active Movement Training in Children with Acute Brain Injury using a Wearable Robot." J Rehab Med 50: 30-36.
• Wu, Y.-N., H.-S. Park, J.-J. Chen, Y. Ren, E. J. Roth and L.-Q. Zhang (2018). "Position as Well as Velocity Dependence of Spasticity—Four-Dimensional Characterizations of Catch Angle." Frontiers in Neurology 9(863): 1-10.
• Koh, J. L., T. A. Zimmerman, S. D. Patel, Y. Ren, D. Xu and L.-Q. Zhang (2018). "Tibiofemoral Contact Mechanics With Horizontal Cleavage Tears and Resection of the Lateral Meniscus in the Human Knee." Clin Orthop Rel Res 476(11): 2262-2270.
• Friedman, A. D., M. E. Gerber, M. K. Bhayani, K. Kuchta, K. Kumar, A. Ma, Y. Ren and L.-Q. Zhang (2018). "Ideal Characteristics of a Laser-Protected Endotracheal Tube: ABEA and AHNS Member Survey and Biomechanical Testing." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 127(4): 258-265.
• Zhang, L.-Q., J. Son, H.-S. Park, S. H. Kang, Y. Lee and Y. Ren (2017). "Changes of Shoulder, Elbow and Wrist Stiffness Matrix Post Stroke." IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehab Eng 25(7): 844-851.
• Liu, J., S. H. Kang, D. Xu, Y. Ren, S. J. Lee and L.-Q. Zhang (2017). "EMG-Based Continuous and Simultaneous Estimation of Arm Kinematics in Able-Bodied Individuals and Stroke Survivors." Frontiers in Neuroscience 11(480).
• Ren, Y., Y.-N. Wu, C.-Y. Yang, T. Xu, R. L. Harvey and L.-Q. Zhang (2017). "Developing a wearable ankle rehabilitation robot for in-bed acute stroke rehabilitation." IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehab Eng 25(6): 589-596.
• Lee, Song Joo, Yupeng Ren, Joel M. Press, Jungwha Lee, and Li-Qun Zhang. 2017. 'Improvement in offaxis neuromuscular control under slippery conditions following 6-week pivoting neuromuscular training', IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehab Eng, 25: 2084-2093.
• Lee, Y., K. Chen, Y. Ren, J. Son, B. A. Cohen, J. A. Sliwa and L.-Q. Zhang (2017). "Robot-guided ankle sensorimotor rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Rel Disorders 11: 65-70.
• Tsai, L.-C., Ren, Y., Gaebler-Spira, D. J., Revivo, G. A., & Zhang, L.-Q. (2017). Effects of an off-axis pivoting elliptical training program on gait function in persons with spastic cerebral palsy: a preliminary study. Am J Phys Med Rehab, 96(7), 515-522.
• Butler, B., J. Peelman, L. Q. Zhang, M. Kwasny and D. Nagle (2017). "The effect of in-situ decompression on ulnar nerve stability: a cadaveric study." Journal of Hand Surgery (Euro Vol) 42(7): 715-719.
• Reinkensmeyer, D. J., S. Blackstone, C. Bodine, J. Brabyn, D. Brienza, K. Caves, F. DeRuyter, E. Durfee, S. Fatone, G. Fernie, S. Gard, P. Karg, T. A. Kuiken, G. F. Harris, M. Jones, Y. Li, J. Maisel, M. McCue, M. A. Meade, H. Mitchell, T. L. Mitzner, J. L. Patton, P. S. Requejo, J. H. Rimmer, W. A. Rogers, W. Zev Rymer, J. A. Sanford, L. Schneider, L. Sliker, S. Sprigle, A. Steinfeld, E. Steinfeld, G. Vanderheiden, C. Winstein, L.-Q. Zhang and T. Corfman (2017). "How a diverse research ecosystem has generated new rehabilitation technologies: Review of NIDILRR’s Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers." Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 14(109): 1-53.
• Koh, J. L., Yi, S. J., Ren, Y., Zimmerman, T. A., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2016. Tibiofemoral Contact Mechanics with Horizontal Cleavage Tear and Resection of the Medial Meniscus in the Human Knee. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 98, 1829-1836.
• Chen, K., Wu, Y.-N., Ren, Y., Liu, L., Gaebler-Spira, D., Tankard, K., Lee, J., Song, W., Wang, M., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2016. Home versus laboratory-based robotic ankle training for children with cerebral palsy: A pilot randomized controlled trial assessing feasibility and outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehab. 97, 1237-1243.
• Wu, Y.-N., Ren, Y., Tsai, L.-C., Gao, F., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2016. In Vivo Simultaneous Evaluations of Sarcomere Imaging and Muscle Fiber Tension. J Biomech. 49, 797-801.
• Lee, S. S. M., Gaebler-Spira, D., Zhang, L.-Q., Rymer, W. Z., and Steele, K. M., 2016. Use of shear wave ultrasound elastography to quantify muscle properties in cerebral palsy. Clinical Biomechanics. 31, 20-28.
• Lin, C., Tsai, L.-C., Press, J. M., Ren, Y., Chung, S. G., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2016. Lower Limb Muscle Activation Patterns During Off-Axis Elliptical Compared to Conventional Gluteal Muscle Strengthening Exercises. J Sport Rehab. 25, 164-172.
• Guelich, D. R., Xu, D., Koh, J. L., Nuber, G. W., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2016. Different Roles of the Medial and Lateral Hamstrings in Unloading the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. The Knee. 23, 97-101.
• Ghodasra, J. H., Weatherford, B. M., Nickoli, M. S., Daley, E. L., Chen, K., Zhang, L.-Q., Hashmi, S. Z., Hsu, E. L., and Hsu, W. K., 2016. The effect of rhBMP-2 in a novel, non-instrumented extremity nonunion model. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 21, 79-85.
• Switaj MD, P. J., Wetzel MD, R. J., Jain MD, N. P., Weatherford MD, B. M., Ren PhD, Y., Zhang PhD, L.-Q., and Merk MD, B. R., 2016. Comparison of modern locked plating and antiglide plating for fixation of osteoporotic distal fibular fractures. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 22, 158-162.
• Zhao, H., Ren, Y., Roth, E. J., Harvey, R., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2015. Concurrent Biomechanical Changes of Soleus and Gastrocnemius Muscle Fascicles and Achilles Tendon Post Stroke. J Appl Physiol. 118, 863–871.
• Tsai, L.-C., Lee, S. J., Yang, A., Ren, Y., Press, J. M., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2015a. Effects of off-axis elliptical training on reducing pain and improving knee function in individuals with patellofemoral pain. Clin J Sports Med. 25, 487-493.
• Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., Kang, S. H., Geiger, F., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2015. Pivoting neuromuscular control and proprioception in females and males. Euro J Appl Physiol. 115, 775-784.
• Xu, D., Guo, X., Yang, C.-Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., Assessment of Hyperactive Reflexes in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury. BioMed Research International. 2015.
• Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., Chang, A. H., Geiger, F., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Effects of Pivoting Neuromuscular Training on Pivoting Control and Proprioception. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 46, 1400-1409.
• Sukal-Moulton, T., Clancy, T., Zhang, L.-Q., and Gaebler-Spira, D., 2014. Clinical application of a robotic ankle training program for cerebral palsy compared to the research laboratory application: Does it translate to practice? Arch Phys Med Rehab. 95, 1433-1440.
• Kang, S. H., Lee, S. J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Real-Time Tracking of Knee Adduction Moment in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 231, 9-17.
• Kang, S. H., Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Real-Time Knee Adduction Moment Feedback Training Using an Elliptical Trainer. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehab Eng. 22, 334 - 343.
• Zhang, L.-Q., Chen, K., Kang, S. H., Sliwa, J. A., Cohen, B. A., Rymer, W. Z., and Wang, L., 2014. Characterizations of reflex and nonreflex changes in spastic multiple sclerosis. J Neurosci Meth. 231, 3-8.
• Fung, D. T., Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., Kang, S. H., Liu, S. Q., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Impingement Analysis with 3-D Geometric Characterizations of ACL Pseudofibers and Intercondylar Notch. J Med Biol Eng. 34, 116-122.
• Haddad, S. L., Hsu, A. R., Templin, C. R., Ren, Y., Stewart, B., Kohli, N. S., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Effects of Continuous Irrigation During Burring on Thermal Necrosis and Fusion Strength in a Rabbit Arthrodesis Model. Foot & Ankle Int. 35, 796 -801.
• Chang, A. H., Lee, S. J., Zhao, H., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2014. Impaired Varus-Valgus Proprioception and Neuromuscular Stabilization in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis. J Biomech. 47, 360-366.
• Ren, Y., Lee, S. J., Park, H. S., and Zhang, L. Q., 2013. A Pivoting Elliptical Training System for Improving Pivoting Neuromuscular Control and Rehabilitating Musculoskeletal Injuries. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 21, 860-868.
• Zhang, L.-Q., Chung, S. G., Ren, Y., Liu, L., Roth, E. J., and Rymer, W. Z., 2013. Simultaneous characterizations of reflex and nonreflex dynamic and static changes in spastic hemiparesis. Journal of Neurophysiology. 110, 418-430.
• Waldman, G., Yang, C.-Y., Ren, Y., Liu, L., Guo, X., Harvey, R. L., Roth, E. J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Effects of robot-guided passive stretching and active movement training of ankle and mobility impairments in stroke. NeuroRehabilitation. 32, 625-634.
• Ren, Y., Kang, S. H., Park, H.-S., Wu, Y.-N., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Developing a multi-joint upper limb exoskeleton robot for diagnosis, therapy, and outcome evaluation in neurorehabilitation. IEEE Tran Neural Syst Rehab Eng. 21:490-9.
• Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., Geiger, F., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Gender differences in offaxis neuromuscular control during stepping under a slippery condition. Euro J Appl Physiol. 113, 2857–2866.
• Levin, S. D., Wellman, D., Liu, C., Li, Y., Ren, Y., Shah, N. A., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Biomechanical strain characteristics of soft tissue biceps tenodesis and bony tenodesis. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. 18, 699-704.
• Chilelli, B. J., Patel, R. M., Kalainov, D. M., Peng, J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Flexor Pollicis Longus Dysfunction After Volar Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures. The Journal of Hand Surgery. 38, 1691-1697.
• Yang, C.-Y., Guo, X., Ren, Y., Kang, S. H., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. Position-Dependent, Hyperexcitable Patellar Reflex Dynamics in Chronic Stroke. Achive Phy Med Rehab. 94, 391-400.
• Schwartz, D. G., Kang, S. H., Lynch, T. S., Edwards, S., Nuber, G., Zhang, L.-Q., Saltzman, M., 2013. The anterior deltoid's importance in reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a cadaveric biomechanical study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 22:357-64.
• Liu, S. Q., Roberts, D., Zhang, B., Ren, Y., Zhang, L.-Q., and Wu, Y. H., 2013d. Trefoil Factor 3 as an Endocrine Neuroprotective Factor from the Liver in Experimental Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. PLoS ONE. 8, e77732.
• Liu, S. Q., Roberts, D., Kharitonenkov, A., Zhang, B., Hanson, S. M., Li, Y. C., Zhang, L.-Q., and Wu, Y. H., 2013c. Endocrine Protection of Ischemic Myocardium by FGF21 from the Liver and Adipose Tissue. Sci. Rep. 3.
• Kang, C., Yang, C.-Y., Kim, J. H., Moon, S.-K., Lee, S., Park, S.-A., Han, E.-H., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2013. The Effect of Continuous Epidural Electrical Stimulation on Neuronal Proliferation in Cerebral Ischemic Rats. Ann Rehabil Med. 37, 301-310.
• Park, S.-A., Park, H.-I., Kim, D., Yang, C.-Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2012. The prediction of gross motor outcome using cerebrovascular reserve measured by acetazolamide-challenged SPECT. NeuroRehab. 30, 359-367.
• Drobyshevsky, A., Derrick, M., Luo, K., Zhang, L.-Q., Wu, Y.-N., Takada, S. H., Yu, L., and Tan, S., 2012. Near-Term Fetal Hypoxia–Ischemia in Rabbits. Stroke. 43, 2757-2763.
• Liu, S. Q., Tefft, B. J., Roberts, D. T., Zhang, L.-Q., Ren, Y., Li, Y. C., Huang, Y., Zhang, D., Phillips, H. R., and Wu, Y. H., 2012. Cardioprotective Proteins Upregulated in the Liver in Response to Experimental Myocardial Ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 303, H1446-1458.
• Rabuck, S. J., Lynch, J. L., Guo, X., Zhang, L.-Q., Edwards, S. L., Nuber, G. W., and Saltzman, M. D., 2012. Biomechanical Comparison of 3 Methods to Repair Pectoralis Major Ruptures. Am J Sports Med. 40, 1635-1640.
• Shu, B., Yan, Z., Li, X., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2012. Effect of different intensity pulsed ultrasound on the restoration of rat skeletal muscle contusion. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics. 62, 329–336.
• Shu, B., Ni, G.-X., Zhang, L.-Y., Li, X.-P., Jiang, W.-L., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2012. High-power helium–neon laser irradiation inhibits the growth of traumatic scars in vitro and in vivo. Lasers in Medical Science.
• Zhao H, Wu Y-N, Hwang M, Ren Y, Gao F, Gaebler-Spira D, Zhang L-Q. Changes of calf muscle-tendon biomechanical properties induced by passive stretching and active movement training in children with cerebral palsy. J Appl Physiol. 2011;111:435-42.
• Wu, Y.-N., Hwang, M., Ren, Y., Gaebler-Spira, D. J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Combined passive stretching and active movement rehabilitation of lower-limb impairments in children with cerebral palsy using a portable robot. Neurorehab Neural Repair. 25, 378-385.
• Zhao, H., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Automatic Tracking of Muscle Fascicles in Ultrasound Images using Localized Radon Transformation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 58, 2094-2101.
• Gao, F., Ren, Y., Roth, E. J., Harvey, R., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Effects of repeated ankle stretching on calf muscle-tendon and ankle biomechanical properties in stroke survivors. Clin Biomech. 26, 516-522.
• Peng, Q., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. High-Resolution Ultrasound Displacement Measurement Using Coded Excitations. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics Frequency Control. 58, 122-133.
• Gao, F., Zhao, H., Gaebler-Spira, D., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. In vivo Evaluations of Morphological Changes of Gastrocnemius Muscle Fascicles and Achilles Tendon in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Am J Phys Med Rehab. 90, 364-371.
• Peng, Q., Park, H.-S., Shah, P., Wilson, N. A., Ren, Y., Wu, Y.-N., Liu, J., Gaebler-Spira, D. J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Quantitative evaluations of ankle spasticity and stiffness in neurological disorders using a manual spasticity evaluator. J Rehab Res Develop. 48(4), 301-309.
• Khan, N., Levin, S. D., Domont, Z. B., Wu, Y.-N., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Strain effect of placing an arthroscopic portal through the subscapularis tendon. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 20, 33-38.
• Liu, J., Xu, D., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. Evaluations of neuromuscular dynamics of hyperactive reflexes poststroke. J Rehabil Res Dev. 48, 577-586.
• Savage J, Limthongkul W, Park H-S, Zhang L-Q, Karaikovic EE. A comparison of biomechanical stability and pullout strength of two C1-C2 fixation constructs. The Spine Journal. 2011;11(7):654-658.
• Lee, S. J., Ren, Y., Wilson, N. A., Kang, S. H., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2011. "Effects of knee bracing on patellofemoral pain." Lower Extremity Review.
• Park, H.-S., Ahn, C., Fung, D. T., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. A Knee-Specific Finite Element Analysis of the Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Impingement against the Femoral Intercondylar Notch. J Biomech. 43, 2039-2042.
• Wu, Y.-N., Ren, Y., Goldsmith, A., Gaebler-Spira, D., Liu, S. Q., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Characterization of Spasticity in Cerebral Palsy: Dependence of Catch Angle on Velocity. Develop Med Child Neurol. 52, 563-569.
• Lin, F., Wilson, N. A., Makhsous, M., Press, J. M., Koh, J. L., Nuber, G. W., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. In vivo patellar tracking induced by individual quadriceps components in individuals with patellofemoral pain. J Biomech. 43, 235-241.
• Wilson, N. A., Mazahery, B. T., Koh, J. L., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Effect of bracing on dynamic patellofemoral contact mechanics. J Rehab Res Develop. 47, 531-542.
• Fukuda, T., Haddad, S. L., Ren, Y., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Impact of Talar Component Rotation on Contact Pressure after Total Ankle Arthroplasty, A Cadaveric Study. Foot Ankle Int. 31, 404-11.
• Haddad, S. L., Dedhia, S., Ren, Y., Rotstein, J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Deltoid ligament reconstruction: a novel technique with biomechanical analysis. Foot Ankle Int. 31, 639-651.
• Dunlap, B. J., Karaikovic, E. E., Park, H.-S., Sokolowski, M. J., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Load sharing properties of cervical pedicle screw-rod constructs versus lateral mass screw-rod constructs. European Spine Journal. 19, 803-808.
• Flanigan, D. C., Lin, F., Koh, J. L., and Zhang, L.-Q., 2010. Articular contact pressures of meniscal repair techniques at various knee flexion angles. Orthopedics. 33, 475-.
• Hoenig, M., Gao, F., Kinder, J., Zhang, L.-Q., Collinge, C., and Merk, B. R., 2010. Extraarticular Distal Tibia Fractures: A Mechanical Evaluation of Four Different Treatment Methods. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. 24, 30-35.
• Klitzman, R., Zhao, H., Zhang, L.-Q., Strohmeyer, G., and Vora, A., 2010. Suture-button versus screw fixation of the syndesmosis: a biomechanical analysis. Foot Ankle Int. 31, 69-75.